#tutorial 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.offsetbox import OffsetImage, AnnotationBbox
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

color_dict = {(2004,"Norway"): "#9194A3", (2022,"Norway"): "#2B314D",
              (2004,"Denmark"): "#E2AFA5", (2022,"Denmark"): "#A54836",
              (2004,"Sweden"): "#C4D6F8", (2022,"Sweden"): "#5375D4",
              }

xy_ticklabel_color,  ="#101628",

data = {
    "year": [2004, 2022, 2004, 2022, 2004, 2022],
    "countries" : [ "Denmark", "Denmark", "Norway", "Norway","Sweden", "Sweden"],
    "sites": [4,10,5,8,13,15]
}
df= pd.DataFrame(data)

df['sub_total'] = df.groupby('countries')['sites'].transform('sum')
#custom sort
sort_order_dict = {"Denmark":2, "Sweden":3, "Norway":1, 2004:5, 2022:4}
df = df.sort_values(by=['year','countries',], key=lambda x: x.map(sort_order_dict))
#Add the color based on the color dictionary
df['color'] = df.set_index(['year', 'countries']).index.map(color_dict.get)

df

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(5,5),facecolor = "#FFFFFF")
fig.tight_layout(pad=3.0)

country = df.countries.nunique()
for year, group in df.groupby("year", sort = False):
    #print(group['sites'])
    ax.bar(
        range(country),
        group['sites'],
        width = 0.2
    )

for j, (bar, row) in enumerate(zip(ax.patches, df.itertuples())):
    #print( j)
    bar.set_facecolor(row.color)
    ax.text(
        bar.get_x() + bar.get_width() / 2 -0.3, 
        bar.get_height()+ bar.get_y()+0.2,  #height
        row.year,
        ha="center", 
        va="top",
        color = xy_ticklabel_color, 
        weight= "light"
        )
    if j >= 3:
        print(j, row.sites)
        ax.hlines(
            y=row.sites, 
            xmin=bar.get_x(), 
            xmax=bar.get_x() + bar.get_width(),
            color='w', 
            linewidth=2
            )

fig

#set flags    
ax.xaxis.set_ticks(range(country), ['', '', '']) 
tick_labels = ax.xaxis.get_ticklabels()
for i,im in enumerate(img):
    ib = OffsetImage(im, zoom=.04)
    ib.image.axes = ax
    ab = AnnotationBbox(
        ib,
        tick_labels[i].get_position(),
        frameon=False,
        box_alignment=(0.4, 2)
        )
    ax.add_artist(ab)

fig

ax.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', length=0, labelsize=14,colors= '#757C85',pad =15, labelleft = False)
max_sites = df.sites.max() 
ax.set_ylim(0, max_sites + 1)

major_ticks = np.arange(0, max_sites + 1, 1)
ax.set_yticks(major_ticks)

ax.grid(True, axis='y', linestyle='solid',  linewidth=1, color = "w")
ax.set_frame_on(False) #remove box
fig